Are Low Vitamin D Levels Associated with the Development and Relapses of Mulitple Sclerosis?

Jasmine C

20 Aug 2025 — 1 min read

Vitamin D

What Did the Research Discover?

This study explored whether vitamin D levels influence the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) and its progression. Research from observational studies, epidemiological data, and genetic analyses suggests a strong link between lower vitamin D levels and increased MS risk and disease activity.

Findings indicate that individuals with lower vitamin D levels are more likely to develop MS, with Mendelian randomization studies suggesting this relationship is causal. In MS patients, higher vitamin D levels are associated with fewer relapses, reduced disease activity on brain MRIs, and slower brain volume loss. Post-hoc analyses from two major clinical trials, BENEFIT and BEYOND, support these findings. However, while observational data suggest a benefit, the impact of vitamin D supplementation remains uncertain, and more controlled trials are needed to confirm whether supplementation directly improves MS outcomes.

How Can I Apply This Research?

For those at risk of MS, maintaining adequate vitamin D levels through sun exposure, diet, or supplements may help lower the chances of developing the disease, particularly for individuals with a family history of MS or limited sun exposure.

For MS patients, keeping vitamin D levels within a recommended range may reduce relapses and slow disease progression. Some research suggests a target level of at least 100 nmol/L (40 ng/mL), but further studies are needed to determine the optimal range.

For healthcare professionals, monitoring and managing vitamin D levels could be a useful addition to MS treatment plans, though current guidelines on supplementation remain inconsistent.

health. Your healthcare provider can advise on the appropriate dosage to include in your treatment plan.

Source:

Sintzel MB, Rametta M, Reder AT. Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review. Neurology and therapy. 2018 Jun;7:59-85. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5990512/

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